DOWNLOAD eBOOK: Google AdSense For Dummies

Product Description
You can get paid for online ad placement with Google AdSense! If you’ve ever considered using AdSense to improve revenue for your Web site, Google AdSense For Dummies will get you started. It’s loaded with tips to help you implement a successful AdSense program.

AdSense lets you generate income with ad placement on blogs and Web sites. Google AdSense For Dummies shows you how AdSense works, how to analyze cost per click and track AdSense results, and how to earn money from your blog or Web site without selling a product. Discover how to:

 

• Register and set up an AdSense program

• Track results with server logs, AdSense reports, and Google Analytics

• Boost AdSense income with search engine optimization techniques

• Apply Google guidelines by including relevant links and content, making your site easy to navigate, using a sitemap, and keeping links in good repair

• Fine-tune your Web site with beefed-up content to please Google and boost effectiveness

• Earn more with AdSense for RSS, streaming video, and referral units

• Design appealing ads and search boxes, and deal with ads from competitors

• Add video units to your site, design mobile ad units, and understand referral units

In Google AdSense For Dummies, author Jerri Ledford, a self-described “Google geek,” helps you make money with AdSense.

 

From the Back Cover
Here’s how to earn money from your Web site without selling a thing!

If you want to make your Web site or blog earn its keep, using Google AdSense makes a lot of sense. It also makes sense to find out how AdSense works and how to make it work for you. This friendly guide cuts through the geek-speak and shows you what AdSense is, how to make your site Google-friendly, how to use AdSense for Search or Content, and more.

• Fine-tune your Web site — beef up your content for Google’s approval as well as to boost effectiveness

• Apply Google guidelines — include relevant links and content, make your site easy to navigate, use a sitemap, design for the user, and keep links in good repair

• Discover other types of AdSense — use AdSense with video, mobile, and RSS

• Learn to love units — add video units to your site, design mobile ad units, and understand referral units

• Get creative — use AdSense as a page element on your blog and design knockout ads and cool search boxes

• Make them pay — increase your income from AdSense for RSS, referral units, and streaming videos

• Use some sense — track your results using AdSense reports and Google Analytics

•  

Open the book and find:

• Answers to FAQs about AdSense

• Tips for building a content-rich Web site

• How search engine optimization can boost AdSense income

• What to do about competitors’ ads

• Secrets for designing ads with appeal

• How to set up AdSense for mobile and RSS feeds

• How the AdSense referral program works

• What server logs and channels can tell you

 

Product Details

• Paperback: 346 pages

• Publisher: For Dummies (August 11, 2008)

• Language: English

• ISBN-10: 047029289X

• ISBN-13: 978-0470292891

For.Dummies.Google.AdSense.FOR.Dummies.Aug.2008.rar (7.7 MB, 222 hits)
Password (if request): "boykma.com" or "wowebook.com"

 

DOWNLOAD

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Why most publishers opt Google Adsense?

Whether you should join the Google adsense program or not - is entirely up to you. However, if you have some free ad space on your website(s), you should certainly consider joining Google adsense.

 

Here are a few reasons for you to consider about adsense:

No need to change outdated ads on your website - everything is handled by Google's adbot googlebot.

 

Google adsense serves non intrusive ads, compared to popins, popouts, floating ads etc.

 

Display well written content related advertising, that will match your site subject.

Save time finding advertisers for your ad space.

 

One simple code to paste on your pages, no programming skills needed.

 

You can change the colours of the adsense ads displayed, so that they fit your current site layout.

 

Google adsense serves the best ads for your pages from over 150.000 AdWords advertisers.

 

Google adsense is easy to join, most websites with original content gets accepted.

 

And then there's the money part (what advertising actually is all about, for you, Google and the AdWords users).

 

Google's Adsense Terms forbids its users to disclose actual earnings examples.

 

However, a few general guidelines you can use to understand the earning potential of Google Adsense:

Your daily adsense earnings are determined by 4 things:

1 .The number of clicks by your users on the Adsense ads.

This is a factor that you can't and actually are not allowed to influence on! Google's Adsense terms directly forbids you to encourage your users click your ads. This means you cant write "please support us, click the ads" or "find more information by clicking the ads" etc. Be warned, using any of these methods or similar (there are many variations), will get you banned from the adsense program, and all your earnings will be lost! Play fair !

 

So what can you do to get more Google Adsense clicks legally ?

 

There are actually many ways to legally encourage a higher click thru rate, have a look at Adsense tips and tricks.

 

2. The number of page views you serve (how many pages your website visitors view).

This is the factor that you can have the greatest influence on. The more page views (visitors) to your website, the higher is the chance that you will get clicks on your adsense ads. However, before you rush out and generate thousands of hits to your website, please consider the fact that quality visitors will generate higher revenue for you than "Bulk" visitors. Quality visitors are people who have a genuine interest in the subject your website is about, and are therefore more likely to be interested in the Google Adsense ads served on your website pages.

Example:

Let's say that your website is about Siamese cats, and you get a lot of general non targeted visitors (bulk) - how many will click on an ad about breeding Siamese Cats?

Now, on the other hand if you try to get quality visitors that are passionate about Siamese Cats, your chances are much higher that some of your visitors want to read about breeding Siamese Cats. So to sum this up, always design your website, and write your content to a targetted audience.

 

Tip. Read the page about optimizing Adsense before you start to changing your pages!

 

3. Your CTR (Click Thru Rate) = page views divided by clicks in percentage.

Your CTR is simply a measurement for how well you are doing as an Adsense Publisher. What this means is that, if you have a high CTR on your pages, you are likely to be serving well written content, that are targeted to your audience. It appears that Google is favouring Adsense publishers with a high CTR, and therefore paying a higher percentage to these publishers.

 

4. The amount paid by a AdWords advertiser, for the keyword a Adsense add is about.

It is important to understand how the Google Adsense and Google AdWords programs interact. Google AdWords is a program for the advertisers, meaning that they pay Google a certain amount for each click thru on their ads on a given keyword. Google Adsense is the program for webmasters (publishers), that pays publishers for clicks on content relevant ads.

 

Example:

John creates an Google AdWords ad about used BMW car parts, and want the ad to appear on pages that are relevant to BMW car parts.

Brian runs a community page for BMW fans, and have a section on his site about buying and selling BMW car parts.

 

One of Brian's visitors clicks on John's Ad, and John is charged x $ for this click. Brian on the other hand is awarded with x $ by Google for serving the ad, and the resulting click.

 

So what does that mean for you as a Adsense Publisher ?

Unfortunately Google doesn't reveal what a click is worth, so you can only do a bit of qualified guessing using these Adsense Tools.

Some clicks range from $0,00 and are seen to go over $50 !

To continue a bit on our earlier discussion about writing content relevant web pages, you should place serious consideration on the keywords that you want to target with your pages.

Lets take our example on John and Brian again.

For the sake of argument, lets say that John is willing to pay $10 for each click on his ads.

Then let us bring Greg into play as well, he is also creating an add about selling BMW car parts, however not used ones but new. Greg is willing to pay $0,10 for each click on his ads.

Brian's pages was targeted towards selling BMW car parts. So this means that there's is a good chance that both John's and Greg's ads will appear at Brian's Adsense ads. This means that Brian is serving Adsense ads that are paying a percentage of both $0,10 and $10.

 

Now, what if Brian changed his pages to target buying and selling USED car parts ?

Since Google Adsense constantly try's to serve the most content relevant ads, it is very likely that Brian will begin serving John's $10 AdWords ad, that he will earn a percentage of. Brian's pages are still about the same subject, and with the same content - just targeted against a higher paying niche keyword.

 

Ask yourself, would you rather earn a percentage of 10 clicks on Greg's ad or a percentage of 10 clicks on John's ad??

To sum it all up, your Google Adsense earnings will be determined by a combination of the 4 mentioned factors above. If you are looking for a nice extra advertising income, Google adsense can in many cases be the answer. Independent statements made by users on the internet shows that some advertisers are earning from less than 1 dollar a day and to way above several hundred dollars a day with the Adsense program.

 

We can’t and wont make any promises to what your Google adsense income will be, but we can promise you that if you read through the sections of this website, you will have the best foundation for succeeding with Google's Adsense program.

Why Weight Lifting Is A Physical Activity That Delivers Top Health Benefits

When most people think of weight lifters, they think of cultural icons like The Rock or Arnold Schwarzenegger: Huge, muscular men that spend all day in the gym. And when most people think of exercise, that is the exact opposite of what they want.

 

However, I am going to talk to you today of why I think more people should use weight training as their main form of physical activity, as the benefits are enormous.

 

Increased Bone Density

Weight lifting will increase your bone density and help prevent problems like osteoporosis or stress fractures.

 

A lot of people think that running is the best exercise to increase bone density, but this is not necessarily the case. In fact, as an aerobic activity, running actually promotes muscle breakdown, while weight lifting, being an anabolic process, promotes the building of muscle tissue.

 

Because of this, weight lifting is far better at conserving your bone density, as well as having far less impact on your body than running.

 

Fewer Injuries

When you weight lift, your muscles are getting stronger, and you're working the ligaments and tendons that connect muscles, bones and other tissues. This reduces the possibility of injury while participating in of physical activity.

 

Those of you who have been injured before know disheartening it can be. The fact is, more than 75% of injuries are a direct result of a tendon, ligament or muscle being too weak when a stressful force is applied.

 

Since weight lifting works all of those ligaments and tendons, it's one of the best injury preventions out there.

 

Reduced Health Related Risks

Studies have shown that consistent weight lifting can have a beneficial effect on health by reducing the rate of insulin resistance, blood pressure, diabetes, heart disease and cancer.

 

A strong weight training program along with a healthy diet is a big step in avoiding some of these problems.

 

Reduced Fat Gain

As you weight train more often, your metabolic rate will rise, and you will be able to eat more while maintaining your weight. If that doesn't motivate you to use weight training to help shed those pounds, I don't know what will.

 

That being said, one common misconception people have is that weight training will make you big and bulky.

 

That is not the case at all.

 

Let's make a comparison to help us understand how this works.

 

Say you have two teams, and each are going to build a house using the exact same method. Team one is given 5,000 bricks to work with, while team two has only 500 bricks.

 

Who do you think will build a bigger house? Clearly, team one, as they have been supplied with more materials. Now think of those bricks as the calories that you consume on a daily basic. Unless you eat a lot of calories, you aren't going to build big, bulky muscles. This is exactly why bodybuilders look the way they do.

It has much more to do with what they eat than with how they train. In order to sustain the kind of growth needed for this kind of muscle you would need to eat like a teenaged boy.

 

You need raw materials to build a house, and you need raw materials to build your muscles. If you control your diet, you will not develop large, bulky muscles from weight training.

 

Instead, you will burn more fat, reduce your chances of injury, and develop a strong, slim body. Choosing to exclude weight training from your workout plan is one of the biggest mistakes you can make. Don't pass up these long-term health benefits any longer.

Green Cleaning for Your Building

Facilities managers have double duty of keeping a clean, well-run facility and making sure the office environment is a healthy workplace. Rising awareness of "sick building syndrome" has added extra pressure to take steps to make sure the building is conducive to the wellbeing and productivity of their staff. Some offices have the option of using carpet & furniture that won't off-gas formaldehyde, air & water purifiers, and no or low-VOC paint, but one of the most simple and cost-effective ways to reduce the toxins in your office environment day in and day out is to use environmentally-friendly cleaning products. Here are some tips for finding non-toxic, green cleaning products that don't that have poisonous fumes and won't leave harmful residues.

 

Thing To Avoid:

1. Volatile Organic Compounds - Volatile Organic Compounds or VOCs are fumes that can be toxic when emitted from certain solids or liquids. According to the EPA, concentrations of many VOCs are consistently higher indoors (up to ten times higher) than outdoors. This is because of the lack of ventilation of the VOCs that are off-gassed from many common products used to clean at home and in the office. Besides cleaning supplies, health-harming VOCs also come from paint and paint removers, air fresheners, dry cleaned clothing, and plywood/pressed board.

 

VOCs cause short and long-term health-harming effects, such as headache, eye irritation, dizziness, flu-like symptoms, triggering asthma, and even life-threatening conditions like cancer. These VOCs can be present in glass cleaners, multi-purpose cleaners, floor cleaners, bathroom & kitchen cleaners, as well as many products used for spot cleaning on fabrics, such as carpet and upholstery. Pregnant and nursing women, the elderly, and people with compromised immune systems are even more susceptible to the negative effects of breathing VOCs, but it is important to take steps to reduce them for everyone's sake.

 

Keep in mind that cleaning products that contain VOCs aren't just affecting the people immediately after they are used. Unless there is an air purification or ventilation system that consistently cleans the air, the VOC fumes can stay in the air for hours. They are even off-gassed from the containers sitting in the cabinet or closet.

 

2. Solvents - Solvents often contain corrosive chemical ingredients, such as alcohols, esters, Ethylene Glycol Ethers (EGEs), and Propylene Glycol Ethers (PGEs). These are carcinogenic and toxic to people & the environment. They would contribute to the VOCs in the air.

 

Things To Look For:

1. Neutral pH - PH determines the reaction of a cleaning product with your skin, the surface being cleaned and the environment when it is washed into the water system. A compound with a pH value under 7.0 is acidic, more than 7.0 is alkali and a pH value of 7.0 is neutral, neither acidic nor alkaline. Liquids that are either too acidic, such as battery acid, or alkaline like bleach, are very corrosive. A neutral pH is non-reactive to the surface that it touches.

 

A neutral pH cleaning product won't harm even the most sensitive surfaces, such as marble, and you don't have to worry about it throwing off the pH balance of your skin. Even with frequent use, a neutral pH product without any harsh chemicals will keep your cleaned surfaces, such as desks, conference tables, countertops and carpets free of harmful residue.

 

2. Biodegradable - While facilities managers are concerned about the internal surroundings of their buildings, it is also important to consider the effects of what they use inside on the outside environment. Our environment gets exposed to everything we wash down the drain. Cleaning chemicals commonly pollute our environment instead of dissipating into non-harmful co-factors, but even the amount of time it takes to biodegrade makes some cleaning products superior to others. Look for cleaners that meet the EPA's highest standard of biodegradability within 28 days with no aquatic toxicity.

 

3. Plant-Based - These cleaners use Mother Nature's best ingredients to clean naturally. There are some brands that are just as or even more effective than their synthetic chemical counterparts. Plant-based ingredients are less likely to contain harmful VOCs.

Body Detoxification - Detoxify Your Body and Boost Energy

The human body can be compared to a living and breathing magnet that attracts all toxic chemicals around it towards itself. These toxins are wide-ranging in type and bombard our bodies from various different sources, but most of them enter our body through the food that we consume.

 

Except for organic produce, all vegetables and fruits that we consume have unhealthy traces of pesticides, fertilizers and other such chemical products used to aid in crop growth.

 

There is also a high risk of toxin ingestion in meat as well; poultry, cattle and hog farmers use a variety of chemicals to promote animal growth which gets carried into our bodies when we eat food prepared from such meat.

 

Fish, considered to be one of the healthiest foods that one can consume, come with the risk of various water-borne toxins. What more, the very air that we breathe every second is a toxic cocktail of a large number of harmful chemicals. It is not easy to ignore the fact that we eat and breathe toxic chemicals every single day of our existence on this planet.

 

It is the gradual buildup of these toxins in our bodies that has been attributed to be causative of a variety of ailments ranging from heart disease to several types of cancer.

 

Therefore, it is only natural that we put our body through a cleansing ritual periodically, in order to get rid of the accumulated toxins. This is what experts refer to as body detoxification and the support for it is increasing day by day from nutritional and diet experts; it is also being referred to as an efficient way to lose weight as well.

 

Detoxifying your body not only gets rid of unwanted chemicals, but it also helps you lose weight and achieve better physical fitness, and provides relief from lifestyle ailments such as fatigue, frequent headaches and other such pains and aches in the body.

 

As the word itself suggests, Detox, is nothing but ridding the body of unwanted and harmful chemical substances so that it is once again capable of functioning efficiently, ensuring good health and a sense of wellbeing.

 

Let us take a quick look at some of the popular methods of body detoxification:

Many people are resorting to alternative medicinal techniques to detoxify their bodies.

 

A popular alternative system of medicine is acupuncture, wherein, the practitioner identifies and punctures specific locations throughout the body which is believed to promote the flow of vital energy, known as Qi, from areas where it is in excess to those where it is in short flow, thus restoring the natural balance in the body.

 

In sauna based detoxification, the person stays in a sauna room which is kept at a very high temperature to promote sweating; the concept is to eliminate toxic substances through perspiration.

 

Various diets are also recommended for body detoxification. A vegetarian diet consisting of fresh fruits and vegetables and high fiber natural grain foods cleanses the digestive system of unwanted toxins.

 

Avoiding highly processed foods and cutting down on alcohol intake is also recommended. Drinking at least eight glasses of water throughout the day is one of the simplest ways of detoxifying your body.

Know about breast cancer

Breast cancer is one of the most familiar types of cancer. In fact, it ranks fifth among the other types of cancer in the world and is one of the reasons for most-cancer related diseases. Most women get monthly check up for presence of lumps on their breast, however, recently, shocking news surprised many as it is discovered that monthly self-exams may not be as effective as have been expected. This is for the reason that some breast cancers have no noticeable symptoms.

 

Kinds of breast cancer
Inflammatory breast cancer is a form of a very serious and aggressive type of cancer of the breast. This type of cancer is not recognized by a lump and what is scarier about it is that it is not found by the common mammogram examination.

A kind of non-invasive breast cancer is ductal carcinoma in situ, or DCIS. Lobular carcinoma in situ, or LCIS, is generally considered to be a pre-cancerous condition. Meanwhile, invasive ductal carcinoma, or IDC, accounts for about 80% of all breast cancers and invasive lobular carcinoma, or ILC, accounts for about 10%-15% of all breast cancers.

Symptoms of breast cancer
Common indicator of cancer is an uncommon lump in the part of the body. However, lumps can be in various form. It can be soft and rounded or may not be easily noticed. It is important therefore that you have yourself checked by a doctor when you notice such.

 

In addition to this, some of the symptoms include swelling of all or part of the breast, skin irritation or dimpling, breast pain, nipple discharge other than breast milk, and/ or nipple pain or the nipple turning inward.

Treatment for breast cancer
Treatment for cancer of the breast is done by hormone therapy, radiation, chemotherapy or when the cancer cells have spread, it has to be removed through surgery. Yet, a successful surgery does not guarantee that you are 100% cancer risks free already.

 

There is a possibility of recurrence of cancer to the other breast after the treatment or the removal. Therefore, it is suggested that patient are continuously monitored even after the operation. A preventive measure that is recommended is to have annual mammogram especially to women ages 40 and beyond.

 

A mammogram is an x-ray of the breasts. This is for the reason that cancer is an effect of the wear and tear of the body, therefore, risks increase as a person ages.

A noticeable lump should not be identified immediately as cancer. It could simply be a cyst and may not be fatal. What is important is that you understand what breast cancer is and how it should be approached. See your doctor regularly and ensure to have a good health.

10 Vital Steps To Helping You Detox

Its summer time and produce is fresh and easy! What more beneficial time to stock up on foods after a cold winter with the beautiful array of fruits and veggies that flourish at this time of year.

 

Here are 10 amazingly vitamin rich nutrients to include in your diet to ensure that you never run the risk of deficiencies, not to mention helping out your brain, heart, vision, joints and just about everything else through consuming them....

 

#1 - Dark Leafy Green

Dark green is the key with examples of amazingly vitamin rich, leafy vegetables including spinach, mustard greens, beetroot greens, turnip greens and kale as just a few. Adding these to a salad will give you high amounts of vitamins, minerals, photochemical, and carotenoids. Mustard greens themselves have an incredible array with vitamin A, C, E, and B6, foliate, dietary fibre, tryptophan (no this is not the radioactive rock that can kill Superman!), manganese, calcium, potassium, phosphorus, magnesium, iron and copper all being found in this green.

 

#2 - Asparagus

These fleshy spears are extremely high in vitamin K and foliate and are also high in protein for a vegetable. It is also a superior source of vitamins C, A, B1, B2 and B6. It is high in essential minerals as well including copper, phosphorous, potassium, iron, manganese and magnesium. Plus, asparagus is also a natural diuretic that provides gains for the heart and also prevent birth defects (thanks to foliate ability to protect against spina bifida!)

 

#3 - Blueberries

The blueberry is one of the healthiest fruits in the world. It has incredible amounts of vitamins C and E, calcium, magnesium, potassium, manganese, dietary fibre and riboflavin. Because of its dark blue/red flesh, it contains some of the most potent antioxidants approximately. The phytonutrients contained in this amazing berry help to destroy free radicals that damage the body's tissues. They can help prevent heart disease, cancer, dementia, ulcers, varicose veins, cataracts and glaucoma. Blueberries also have anti-inflammatory abilities that can also protect brain cells from damage.

 

#4 - Other Berries

Berries are abundant in summer so consider having a berry fruit salad first thing in the morning or for a mid day snack. Cranberries are proven natural healers of the urinary tract (number one in fighting UT infections!) and as a digestive assistance. They have incredible amounts of vitamin B2 alongside a few other B vitamins. They also host high levels of fibre, vitamin C, iron, manganese and copper. The raspberry is rich in tannins, elagic acid and flavonoids. With potent antioxidants and antimicrobials, research has suggested that the mighty raspberry can even aid fight cancer. They are high in fibre, vitamin C, B2, B3, B5, B6, foliate, manganese and impact minimally on blood sugar levels. Strawberries are well known for their phenols, which have powerful antioxidant and anti-inflammatory qualities. Jam-packed with more than 12 necessary minerals and vitamins, strawberries are very high in vitamin C and K and in dietary fibre.

 

#5 - Rock Melons

Although this beautiful melon peaks in summer, it is often uncommitted all year round. It offers an excellent supply of beta-carotene, potassium, and vitamin C. One cup of rock melon has under 60 calories, but is already well above the recommended daily uptake of vitamin A. The orange flesh of the rock melon boasts vitamins B1, B3, B5, B6, foliate and great source of dietary fibre. The B vitamins combine to make a great energy manufacturer for the body, helping to control carbs and blood glucose levels by processing the carbohydrates and slowing digestion with its fibre content.

 

#6 - Spelt Grain

Just two ounces of this ancient whole grain contains more than your daily requirement of vitamin B2. While largely unknown to many, spelt can be found in cereals, crackers, breads and baked goods. Your local health food depot will have it in the form of grain, flakes or flour. It has a wide range of foods for a whole grain including an excellent source of niacin, thiamine, manganese and tryptophan. It also packs a decent amount of fibre, zinc, copper, protein and iron.

 

#7 - Broccolis

Broccoli is a nutritional wonder. The exceptional nutritional value of broccoli is most visibly seen in its vitamin K levels. It is also very high in vitamin A, foliate and dietary fibre not to mention protein, thiamine, riboflavin, calcium, iron, magnesium, phosphorus and potassium. This is a vegetable not to be missed! Who said Mum was an idiot?

 

#8 - Lentils

Lentils can provide an upward of 80% of your daily value of iron in one cup! The same amount of this amazing food contains 230 calories and hardly any fat. Tho' its iron levels will boost the body's energy and aid prevent anaemia, its fibre content will stabilize your blood glucose levels and also net you four B vitamins, seven other essential minerals and a heaping amount of protein. All of the mighty lentil's foods can be found in high levels. As a note of interest: the history of lentils dates rearward 8,000 years! Found in archaeological sights in the Middle East, it is possible that lentils could be one of the first nutrients ever cultivated.

 

#9 - Black Beans

Also known as Mexican or Spanish black beans; they have a phenomenal source of molybdenum, a trace mineral that detoxifies sulfites in your torso. Black beans (like most beans) are good for your heart, and contain an excellent source of dietary fibre, folic acid, magnesium, and polyphenols that bring down cholesterol levels. They are also high in vitamin B1, tryptophan, phosphorus, iron, manganese and potassium. Each cup of black beans carries 15g of protein too!

 

#10 - Brussels Sprouts

Although a tough vegetable to get any child to consider (or adult often for that matter), the active constituents of Brussels sprouts are cancer fighters, great for skin, boosts the immune system and ensures the colon stays healthy. Best boiled or steamed, they contain gigantic amounts of vitamin K as well as high levels of vitamins C, A, B6 and B1, and fibre on top of a good amount of 14 other major minerals and vitamins.

Steps To Take When You Have Fever And Infection

Fever

By far the vast majority of instances of fever result from infection. There are, however, cases in which fever occurs and in which the exact cause cannot be easily determined. Certain principles have been established by years of experience for the handling of fever.

 

Rest in bed is the number one step for any person with fever. Under such conditions the work of the heart, kidneys, and liver is reduced. The sense of fatigue is lessened. The blood flow to the kidneys and liver tends to be better in the lying-down than in the standing position. The disadvantages of bed rest include: less stimulation to breathing, a sluggish blood flow in the legs, and a noticeable diminution in muscular strength.

 

Bed rest should always be used in association with a certain amount of activity suited to the condition of the person concerned. This may involve simply encouraging him to move, turn and sit up in bed, but might include controlled exercise or even moving of the patient's limbs by the attendant nurse or member of the family. In the nursing of those with fevers, special attention must be paid to giving plenty of fluids.

 

The fever patient usually loses appetite and needs to be encouraged to eat, and if necessary, must be fed by the nurse. Dryness of the mouth can be helped by the use of suitable mouth washes, or the nurse can cleanse the mouth by a piece of gauze wrapped around the finger.

 

Profuse sweating may make necessary frequent changes of bedding and night clothes. The patient's skin must be protected against the formation of ulcers. If the sheets are kept dry and free from wrinkles, if alcohol rubs are used and if a suitable powder is applied, the skin is helped greatly. For dry skin baby oil is preferable to any other system of softening. Movement of the joints by the nurse is helpful against stiffening.

 

People whose temperature gets above 102 degrees need at least three quarts of water a day. If there is vomiting and diarrhea, the amount must be increased by the amount of fluid lost in this way. If patients resist the taking of plain water, they can have fruit juice or vegetable juice, carbonated sweet beverages, milk, soups and similar fluid drinks.

 

The bowels become less active when there is fever and a person remains long in bed. The choice of a proper technique for getting rid of the waste material from the body is up to the doctor who understands the condition and the nature of the disturbance. He will have to prescribe the cathartic that is to be taken, whether something as strong as the salts or something like mineral oil or other lubricants or perhaps even a soapsuds or water-and-glycerine enema.

 

The doctor can always prescribe drugs which are known to be valuable in bringing down serious fevers. He can also prescribe sponges with alcohol or tepid water, which do a great deal towards controlling temperature through aiding irradiation of heat from the surface of the body. Cold compresses and ice bags are other types of cooling.

 

The Attack On Infection

 

Only a few decades have passed since physicians confronted with cases of many serious infections could only apply a sort of general treatment. This involved putting the patient to bed, stimulating the action of the bowel and kidneys, aiding the action of the heart and controlling the fever with drugs that have a tendency to reduce fevers.

 

Medicine has had for only a few years powerful remedies called "chemotherapeutic" remedies or antibiotic drugs which definitely control the growth of germs or viruses or other organisms in the human body.

 

The use of drugs to suppress the growth of organisms that damage the human body is one of the greatest accomplishments of modern medicine. Naturally, the drugs must be able to stop the growth of the foreign invader without injuring the sick person. The new drugs attack germs in various ways. Quinine is a fine example of the way in which a drug can attack a single organism since it is practically a pure specific against the plasmodia which cause malaria.

 

Some of the new antibiotic drugs can attack a great number of different germs of many different species. Some chemical substances damage certain cells of the human body and may interfere with their growth. Out of this fact may come, eventually, some new and effective treatment for cancer.

 

The sulfonamide drugs and the antibiotics act by interfering with the ways in which the germs themselves live. In deciding which drug to use the doctor must know its effects on the patient. For instance, some patients do not react well to penicillin. In other instances the patient's germs have become accustomed to penicillin.

 

Fortunately we now have streptomycin, chloromycetin, aureomycin, terramycin and other antibiotics, for each of which there is a long list of germs which it is capable of attacking successfully. Sometimes the medicine attaches itself to the tissues of the body and the germs cannot attack while the medicine is there. Sometimes the medicine relates itself to the way in which the germ feeds and grows.

 

The doctor chooses the remedy according to the dose he wants to give, the frequency with which the dose is to be given, whether or not the remedy can be taken by mouth or must be given by injection, whether it needs to be given by injection into the blood, into the muscles or under the skin, or for a number of other reasons.

Most Common Lung Infections are

Pneumonia was once one of the most feared of all human diseases. Its death rate was about a third of all those whom it attacked. The germ that caused it is one called a "pneumococcus" which lives ordinarily in the noses and throats of anywhere from five to sixty per cent of people. The condition comes on most often in the winter months and can affect people of all ages.

 

The pneumococcus gets down into the lungs and there sets up a severe infection which follows a typical course. For a few days the symptoms are like those of an ordinary respiratory disease. Then comes the sudden hard, shaking chill, rapid rise in temperature and pulse rate, with a severe pain on one side of the chest that the doctor recognizes as the beginning of pneumonia. The cough comes on painfully and with small amounts of pink or rust-colored sputum. Breathing is rapid, shallow and painful. There may be blueness because the blood is not getting enough oxygen.

 

The doctor, by the use of his stethoscope and by watching the motion of the chest, by thumping to discover areas of consolidation, recognizes that the lung is congested and unable to function. Usually after seven to ten days a crisis occurs. The body temperature falls to normal in from six to twelve hours, accompanied by profuse sweating, and the pneumonia as such is over.

 

The development of the new antibiotic drugs has changed the whole picture. Now, following the administration of penicillin, the pain in the pleura which lines the chest disappears in a few hours and the temperature, pulse, and respiration fall to normal in twelve to thirty-six hours.

 

The spread of the inflammation can be stopped even before a single lobe is involved. This change in the nature of pneumonia is one of the most dramatic occurrences that has ever taken place in medicine and represents one of the greatest accomplishments of the present century.

 

For the treatment of pneumonia nowadays the chief reliance is on the drugs. The patient is kept in bed in a position in which he is most comfortable. He is given considerable rest but is permitted to sit up for examinations and for any other necessary procedure.

 

He usually has little appetite and need not be urged to eat, but within a half a day after the specific treatment has been begun, he may be hungry and can take a soft diet. Formerly great efforts were made to keep the bowels moving; that too is no longer a serious problem for the doctor.

 

If there is a real shortage of air and the person seems blue, oxygen can be given. It is customary to give oxygen now as soon as it is needed and not to wait until the patient seems actually to suffer from oxygen lack.

 

The pain in the chest can be controlled with suitable drugs. It is also possible to relieve severe pain by the injection of local anesthetic drugs or by strapping or wrapping the chest wall to prevent unnecessary motion.

 

The doctor is alert for complications. If penicillin is not as effective as seems to be desirable, aureomycin, the sulfonamides, such as sulfadiazine, and other methods may be tried. Particularly, however, the doctor must look out for complications such as secondary formation of pockets of infected material at the bottom of the lung.

 

The former fatality rate of 25 to 30 per cent has now dropped to less than 5 per cent. Pneumonia is still a particularly serious disease to those who have been long weakened by some other disease such as cancer or alcoholism or malnutrition, or some other serious complication involving the heart.

 

Bronchitis

Any of the germs that get into the nose and throat may secondarily invade the lung or -the bronchial tubes and set up the inflammation called "acute bronchitis." This usually starts gradually with frequent coughing that is more severe at night. Slight fever may be present. If the amount of debris and infected material is profuse the coughing will raise a thick material that has to be expectorated. Young children do not spit, but swallow the material and then frequently vomit to get rid of it.

 

Bronchitis is not really a disease in itself, but far more often a complication of a common cold, influenza, measles, rhinitis, diphtheria, scarlet fever or rickets. Prompt attention to these conditions with special consideration for the inflammation that has extended into the lungs will help to prevent acute bronchitis and may do much to stop its becoming chronic. Bronchitis is chiefly dangerous to little children, and continuous inflammation with much coughing may make desirable removal to a warm climate to help the child get rid of the infection.

 

Since inflammation becomes worse when tissues are irritated, people with chronic inflammation of the bronchial tubes should avoid contact with irritating dusts, fumes, gases, or paints. Tobacco smoking must be stopped. The infected individual does better in a clean atmosphere where the air is neither too cold, too damp, too warm nor too dry.

 

All sorts of cough mixtures are known that will increase the flow of mucus and make the raising of the sputum easier. Inhaling steam seems to help many people. If there is sensitivity the use of antihistaminic drugs may be helpful and may aid also by a sedative effect.

How sunglasses are working

People often put on sunglasses for one or both of two reasons: the first is to keep your eyes protected from the glare of sunlight or any other bright light and the second is as a statement of style (hence the practice of wearing sunglasses even at night when there may not appear to be any significant light to shield the eyes from). However, it is for the first reason that people will often seek to obtain a set of sunglasses.

 

A good set of sunglasses should effectively shield you from the dangers posed by ultra-violet rays. As proven by scientists over time, ultraviolet rays can cause significant harm to your eyesight and could even cause eye cancer in more serious cases. Going by the number of people wearing them, it would be correct to state that when it comes to sunglasses UK is a ready market.

 

Whenever you go out to purchase a new pair of sunglasses, you must understand beforehand that there are various types of sunglasses to choose from. You will need to make a decision on whether you would prefer tinted, reflective, photo chromic, polarizing sunglasses to decide which is the most suitable for you. The lenses too come in different types and you ought to know the right one for your eyes.

 

Cost also varies tremendously. Whether it is a 150 pair from the up-market mall or a 15 from a more modest part of town, make sure your purchase is within your means. Be careful though not to fall into the trap of buying cheap; cheap could be expensive as you might end up with a substandard pair of sunglasses that will force you to make another purchase in a relatively short time.

 

To make the most conducive choice to your situation, you need to have some knowledge about how sunglasses really work; so what is it that makes the area around a person appear darker when looking out through sunglasses? How are sunglasses able to protect you from UV rays? For instance, to have a UV-filtering effect on a pair of sunglasses, the lenses need to be coated with a special chemical agent that will let a low amount of light through while at the same time shielding you from UV rays by reflection.

 

To be honest, wearing sunglasses UK, Europe, US or any other developed country that has this element in an everyday lifestyle, most people don't even realize just how much sunglasses protect your eyes from UV rays.

 

There is however, a special kind of sunglasses, and those are prescription sunglasses. They are not just meant to fulfill the function of sunglasses, but will actually improve your eyesight. They are pretty much normal glasses that will correct your vision, but with the added functions of keeping your eyes protected from glare and harmful UV rays. The lenses that are available for prescription sunglasses will help shortsighted people as well those who have long sightedness.

 

When you find yourself shopping for sunglasses UK, the inhabitants must realize the many types of sunglasses and how they are able to do what they do and make the best choice that will fit your needs.

Eating Garlic to Lower Blood Pressure Naturally

Blood pressure can be lowered naturally by eating garlic. A recent study at the University of Alabama (UAB) shows that the protective effect of garlic is related to the amount of polysulfides in garlic. Garlic compounds known as polysulfides interact with red blood cells to produce hydrogen sulfide, which relaxes blood vessels.

 

Blood pressure automatically lowers when the blood vessels starts to relax. Blood vessels can be relaxed up to 72 percent in the arteries of rats through a substance called hydrogen sulphide. The UAB researchers have found this substance in fresh garlic.

 

The lead of the research group David Kraus Ph.D. said "When these garlic compounds are metabolized to hydrogen sulfide in the vascular system, the hydrogen sulfide targets membrane channels and causes smooth muscle cells to relax. So a garlic-rich diet has many good effects, and hydrogen sulfide may be the common mediator,".

 

Hydrogen Sulfide often protects the damages in cells and tissues caused at the time of heart attack. This has been found by a separate study conducted by Albert Einstein College of Medical. Oxidative damage to the cells is prevented by hydrogen sulfide this is how the researchers think.

 

"The role of garlic compounds in preventing platelet aggregation, which can trigger a heart attack or stroke, and in limiting cancer growth and the progression of several diseases is well documented," Kraus said.

 

Fatty plaques is formed in the artery walls when platelet aggregation happens. Formation of fatty plaques is stopped when platelet aggregation is prevented and garlic prevents platelet aggregation. Thickening of blood is allowed by aggregation of platelet. But aggregating to much may lead to clotting of blood. These fatty plaque deposits effectively increase the size of blood vessels, which increases blood pressure. Blood clots can also result in stroke and heart attack.

 

Too keep ones heart healthy and to maintain the levels of hydrogen sulfide one should regularly eat garlic. Hydrogen sulfide is produced by the body naturally, as the body starts to get aged the production of hydrogen sulfide decreases. Onions also help to prevent platelet aggregation and lower blood pressure naturally. Onions and garlic are both members of the allium family.

 

Platelets combined together is a quick manner after a no onion hi fat meal when compared to meal containing hi fat with onions. This has been proved by a study made by Queen Elizabeth College of London University. This shows that onion has the substance to neutralize the effect of a high fat meal on platelet aggregation.

 

Eat garlic regularly to lower blood pressure naturally if you are suffering from high blood pressure. You can just add a crushed garlic to pasta sauces, soups, vegetables, and meats actually it's very easy to cook. Any meal can be made yummy by the flavor of garlic.

 

Alternative you can lower blood pressure through physical exercise apart from eating garlic. Relaxation exercises like meditation and yoga do come in handy. If you are suffering from high blood pressure then walking is the best exercise you can get. You can try walking for 30 minutes 5 days a week.

The One Simple Trick That Can Double Your Adsense Revenue

I've been working with Google's Adsense program for a while now. If you're not already in the program, why not take a look at it now at https://www.google.com/adsense. I really like Adsense. It makes me money and it's easy to work with. Just some simple copy & paste into your webpage and you're done. Right?

Wrong! You can do it that way if you want. Who knows? Maybe you'll get lucky and get a lot of clicks. But if you're really serious about making a lot of money with the program, you're going to have to tweak it a little.

I've invested quite a bit of time experimenting with the program. When I first signed up, I got some clicks and made a tiny bit of money. That wasn't good enough. I knew there must be a way to get more of my visitors to click on the ads.

Google has a strict policy about not pointing to the ads in any way or asking people to click on them, so there were two things I couldn't do. What else was there?

Then I remembered reading an article once that discussed the psychological impact of colors on the human mind. I started researching everything I could find on the subject.

After a lot of reading, many tests and periods of watching my clicks go up and down, I found the one color combination that seemed to work the best.

Testing previously done at supermarkets had revealed that the same product could pull more sales from just changing the colors of the label. What were these colors? Red and yellow! The combination of these two colors has an immediate impact on the person who sees them.

They make your eyes stop and focus. They pull your eyes right to that part of the page. They grab your attention! I'm not sure exactly why the combination of red and yellow does this, but it does. On one of my sites, I changed my Adsense ads to a bright red border and a yellow background with black text and URL.

My click through rate more than doubled with just that one simple change. That's what worked on my site. Your site's color scheme may work better with a slightly different color combination. Try lots of different color variations. Make a change in the morning and let it ride for the whole day. The next morning, try a different set of colors. Change the border, background, text. Change everything you can. Most importantly, keep detailed records of the color scheme you used, click ratio and revenue generated.

After you've done all the experimenting you want to, go back to the most profitable one and let it run for a week or so and see how it does. I'm always trying different colors even after my run of good clicks with red and yellow. There are a lot of color combinations to choose from. You never know when you'll find just the right one

Believe That You Can by Jentzen Franklin- A Personal Book Review

I am about halfway through the reading of an inspiring book by a worthy spiritual mentor, my pastor Jentzen Franklin. I wanted to share a segment that really hit home with me. It is from his chapter "Take Hold of Your Dream" where he lists the stages of how a dream will unfold and how you can take hold of every step.

I Sought It- This is the time in your life when you become focused on a thought, a desire, a revelation. This happened to me after I first heard about how people were making money on the internet, changing their lives, tapping the power of the growth of the web. Since the real estate market had spiraled down so quickly, this captured my attention. I often contemplated, "Why can't I do that? I can do that. I would like to do that a whole lot better than what I'm doing now. What's stopping me?"

 

I Caught It- This is the stage where you begin to talk about it. You begin to explore and investigate. This was the stage when I spent countless hours scouring the internet, searching, reading, pondering, questioning. I started having discussions with people who were already involved with internet marketing. I considered plans, looked at companies, and tossed and turned relentlessly. Jentzen Franklin writes that this is where a lot of people let their dream die. They don't go to the next step- they don't push through.

 

Thank God I found Carbon Copy Pro. Now that was truly one of those 'miracle days' in my life.I Bought It is the next stage. It is this stage, he writes, "You decide that you've circled the same mountain long enough, and you go in to conquer it." My mountain was the past, the uncertainty, and expectations.

 

I wanted some sort of guarantee - some low risk, sure thing. I'd been kicked around enough times. That's when I just got aggressive and got on a plane and flew out to Las Vegas for a one-day live event. I met people. I shook hands and looked people in the eye. I talked, listened, looked, analyzed, then listened some more, and I saw it for myself... and I believed, and I bought into it. Yes, I had to buy into this dream, and yes, I have to lay it on the line.

 

But as Franklin writes, "You decide that your old life is just too boring and you decide to take a risk." Get out of the boat and say I'm going for it. You do whatever you have to do. You start equipping yourself- educating yourself- positioning yourself.

 

I Sought It stage: This is the sweat equity stage. You become like a maniac on a mission- you can't think of anything else. He writes that you have that look in your eye. You have the eye of the tiger on the hunt. This was the most dynamic and exciting stage for me. I can see my dream. I can feel it, put words to it, measure it. It's alive. It's a driving force that makes waking up a new and fresh experience again. Life is purposefully renewed.

 

I Got It! You're there- living your dream! You've paid the price and are reaping the rewards. And you're so happy that you really did it- the feeling of accomplishment. You sleep better. Your life is not crippled with the cancer of regret. Franklin writes,"My worst fear is to be sitting in a rocking chair forty years from now saying what if?" I don't want to look back on my life and see a bunch of lost, discarded dreams in my wake... a crumpled heap of what ifs. I want to be able to say "I got it." Don't you?

 

I Taught it. Now it's time to teach it, to give it away, to mentor and empower others. Jentzen asks, "Who are you mentoring and who is mentoring you?" Which step are you at in life? Which step would you truly like to be pursuing? Is there a way? Is there someone who would lead you? Is there still time?

 

Jim Rohn says, "People have to experience one of two pains in life- the pain of discipline or the pain of regret. The pain of discipline eventually goes away. The pain of regret never does." The choice is yours.

(Thanks and 'perspective writing credits' go to my wife Lynn Anne who has been instrumental in this endeavor with undying support. Without her love and friendship, this journey would have never begun. I love you Baby)

Benefits of Vitamin A are high

There are several health benefits of vitamin A which have been proved by different clinical studies as well as scientific research. Here is the list below:

 

-> Vitamin A is very helpful in maintaining the skin and hair.
-> Improves the eyesight.
-> Encourage proper and healthy growth of bones as well as teeth.
-> Reduces wrinkles and linings appearing on the skin.
-> Helps in the enhancement of the immune system.
-> Vitamin A acts as a powerful antioxidant.
-> Contains anti-cancer properties.

 

Various sources of vitamin A include sweet potatoes, spinach, liver, butter, mango, collard greens, papaya and many more. Let's have a look at a better way to get vitamin A.

 

The above mentioned foods are one of the best and natural sources of vitamin A. The doctors sometimes also recommend to take a multivitamin supplement because it not only contain vitamin A, but also several other nutrients necessary for the healthy growth of the body and mind. It has been noticed that there are many people who lack in one or the other nutrient. Thus, such multivitamin supplement can fulfill the requirements of the body and at the same time, provide prevention against any kind of health problems.

 

Such supplements are available of high quality that can provide almost all the required vitamins and minerals at the same time. There is also availability of the low quality supplements in the market so; you need to be very careful while choosing them. Thus, it is better to consult your doctor before buying the multivitamin supplements.

Twitter Submit-button to Blogger Blog

Twitter is no doubt becoming a very efficient and a quicker way to share thoughts, information, links, news or favorites over internet.

Beside this, most of the people specially bloggers are continuously spamming twitter with their blog links, to drive traffic to their sites.

Although it is already included in the quick bookmarks buttons below every post in my blog, I've decided to add a separate, big "twitter" button that can submit page's link to my twitter updates!

I was using a digg" submit button before this, But since I'm kinda addicted to twitting now, I decided to remove that digg button and give twitter button a chance on top of each post of my blog! :)

So! If you blog using blogger.com platform, then you can add this button to your blog too.

Just follow these simple steps:
1. Go to 'Layout" of your blog, and then "Edit HTML" tab.
Next step should always be backing up your blogger template, so that if anything goes wrong, you'll have your backup to restore to original condition.
So, click "Download Full Template" link to first download backup!

2. Check "Expand Widget Templates" checkbox.
Now find (Ctrl+F) this line:

3. And just BELOW this line of code.. PASTE the following code:

right;'>
">Check this Out: " + data:post.url + " |" + data:blog.title' target='_blank' title='Click to Tweet this page'> twitter http://img220.imageshack.us/img220/6449/twitterlogon.png'/> </SPAN">

4. "Preview" the template first, DON'T save at this point. If Preview window shows your blog fine and with the "Twitter Button" at top right of every post, that means you did it the right way! ;)

Otherwise it'll show an error, and prompt you to remove it first before saving.
Just Make Sure you are copying/pasting completely and at the right place.

5. If preview shows everything fine, then you can SAVE the template :)

If you want this button to be shown BELOW your posts, then in Step #2,
Find this line of code in your template:

...or if your using a default template, then you'll find only this:

...and just AFTER this, paste the code given in Step 3 (and continue to step 4 and 5)
Note: If you are using Expandable Post Summaries" then, you'll find two

You've to paste the Code (Step 3) below the first one!!

You can use both the buttons (above and below the post) at same time! ;)
And off course you can customize this button:
* If you want it to be on Left top of each post;
Change 'right' to 'left' (in Red) in above code.

* You can Change the status message while tweeting the page;
Change "Check this Out:" to any status message you like.

* And best part, you can change the button (pic) of your choice.
Just change link in green with the link of your choice.

Source:tips-o-tricks.blogspot

Free 6 Months Valid Keys For Kaspersky

Kaspesrky is giving 6 months valid keys for Kaspersky Internet Security.This is only for promotion of their product so we do not know for how much time this offer will be valid ,just hurry up and grab your offer.Follow the instructions below :

Instructions :

 

Navigate to http://www.kaspersky.com/de/20814_72814_329.html to get your activation code.

 

After getting your activation code visit https://activation.kaspersky.com/en/index.html and fill in your activation code,just leave the Customer ID and Password blank and click "Next".

Now click on "Download Key" to get your free license
This key is only for Kaspesrky Internet Security and is valid for 6 months.

Fulbright Scholarships for Indians in USA: 2009-2010

“THE UNIVERSITY AS INNOVATION DRIVER AND KNOWLEDGE CENTER”

Indian applicants must submit their applications, no later than October 15, 2008, to USIEF, 12 Hailey Road, New Delhi 110001 and not directly to CIES.

INTRODUCTION

The Bureau of Educational and Cultural Affairs of the US Department of State is pleased to announce the competition for the sixth year of the Fulbright New Century Scholars Program (NCS). The Fulbright New Century Scholars Program is a global program that brings together annually 30 outstanding research scholars and professionals from the U.S. and around the world. NCS fellows engage in multidisciplinary collaboration under the leadership of a Distinguished Scholar Leader and work together to seek solutions to issues and concerns that affect all humankind. The 2009 program continue the theme of higher education and focus on the role of higher education in national and global economic development with a specific focus on “The University as Innovation Driver and Knowledge Center”. Dr. Miranda Schreurs, Director of the Environmental Policy Research Center and Professor of Comparative Politics at the Free University of Berlin, will serve as the Distinguished New Century Scholar Leader.

PROGRAM DESCRIPTION

In an ever more complex and interdependent world, the knowledge and solutions needed to address many of the major public policy issues we face must increasingly be generated across borders and through the synergetic efforts of governments, the private sector, and the academic community. The Fulbright program has long supported exchange programs that promote cooperation among these sectors to increase mutual understanding and address critical global issues. Accordingly, the New Century Scholars Program offers a collaborative model for scholarly exchange that is multinational and multidisciplinary in scope, encourages the formation of new global networks of scholars and professionals, and pursues the development of collaborative activities with a long-term regional and global impact.

As economic and social interaction become increasingly global, the United States and nations around the world are facing shared opportunities and challenges that will require societies to be open to innovation, entrepreneurship, and the generation of global knowledge. Rising prosperity and national well-being require that nations utilize the full creativity and dynamism of all sectors of their economies and societies.

Universities provide the natural nexus for collaboration among government, industry, academic institutions, individuals, and civil society. The world’s exemplary universities underpin market productivity and economic growth, sustain civil society, and contribute to an improving quality of life. They are safe harbors for communities of joint research and open exploration and for individual creativity and free expression. In high-achieving societies, these institutions produce the human capital leadership, the theoretical breakthroughs, and the practical solutions necessary to meet global challenges, such as energy and food security, global health and disease management, and environmental protection.

Countries that create the right policy and regulatory conditions to foster public private partnerships centered in the university community are able to speed the transformation of innovative research into useful product applications, often with a global impact, and contribute significantly to the improvement of the daily lives of the nation’s citizens.

A number of universities in the U.S. and other countries have gained worldwide recognition for their ability to combine cutting edge theory with meaningful applied research in an array of fields, from business and economics to the sciences and technology. Universities with the highest quality programs play an important role serving as knowledge centers that attract private sector enterprises with an interest in building on the research and innovation capacities of the university. Colleges and universities have long been regarded as economic engines of their local communities and regions; universities contributing to the global network of knowledge are now emerging as drivers of global innovation, problem-solving, and widening prosperity.

The NCS Program will engage scholars involved in research and project initiatives that advance understanding of the university as innovation driver and knowledge center and contribute to advancing economic prosperity. Sub topics in which scholar applicants might have particular expertise and interest could include the examples listed below. Other sub-topics may emerge based on specific interests and expertise.

• Opportunities for and barriers to university-based partnerships for innovation, entrepreneurship, and economic development.
• Partnerships in science and technology research and development that move ideas and solutions from the laboratory to the marketplace in fields with global reach such as energy security, food production, the environment, health, transportation, and nanotechnology.
• Partnerships (clusters) that contribute to economic development and improving quality of life in local communities and regions.
• Partnerships that apply multidisciplinary research and social entrepreneurship to community issues (historic preservation, crime and drugs, needs of children and the elderly)
• Partnerships that extend the innovation pipeline to K-12 and adult education and lifelong learning.

PROGRAM DESIGN

The Program will begin in May 2009 and conclude in April 2010. A total of 25-30 subject experts from the U.S. and participating countries will be selected as Fulbright New Century Scholars. Approximately one third of the participants will be U.S. scholars who will do research in a number of countries worldwide. The remaining two thirds of the program’s participants will be visiting scholars from outside the United States. Participants may be academics or professionals in the academic, public, or private sectors in their countries. During the program year, all participating scholars from outside the United States will be expected to participate in the three plenary seminar meetings, make a research exchange visit in the United States with colleagues at an institution with which they have pre-arranged collaboration and a formal affiliation, and maintain contact and intellectual exchange with fellow NCS Scholars during the program year. Research visits may be two to three months in duration, and all visits should be completed prior to April 2010.

The NCS Program is carried out under the guidance of a distinguished Scholar Leader, selected for his/her interdisciplinary expertise and professional standing in the area of the research topic. This Leader will ensure productive, cross-disciplinary discussion and the development of collaborative activities among the multi-national group of grantees chosen to participate.

Program activities include:

• Orientation and Goal Setting (May 2009)
• Mid-term Meeting (October 2009)
• Final Plenary NCS Seminar (April 2010)
• International exchange visit of 3 months, to be completed at any time between May 2009 and April 2010
• Ongoing communication and interaction with NCS Distinguished Scholar Leader and other NCS Scholars throughout program year

New Century Scholars will be expected to:

1. conduct research both within and outside of their home countries including a two- to three-month international visit.
2. participate in all NCS Program seminar meetings of approximately one-week’s duration each. Throughout the program year, Scholars will be expected to maintain contact and interact with other participants in the program in order to expand their own research and to explore comparative approaches to the program topic.

AWARD/BENEFITS

New Century Scholar awards include individual travel/research funding in the amount of $30,000, which is intended to support travel to all program meetings, travel and maintenance for the exchange visit, research materials and assistance, and some partial salary. Accommodations and meals for program seminar meetings are covered separately.

ELIGIBILITY REQUIREMENTS

All candidates for the Program must be able to demonstrate outstanding qualifications and a record of experience and accomplishment in an area clearly related to the New Century Scholar research theme. Individuals in all disciplines are welcome to apply so long as they are conducting current research directly relevant to the theme and are open to exploring international and interdisciplinary approaches to their investigations. Since individuals designated as Fulbright New Century Scholars will have attained a level of national or international recognition for demonstrated professional accomplishments, including mastery of English and currency in their relevant disciplinary areas, their selection will be based primarily on their potential to contribute to the overall Program objectives rather than on a need or desire to receive further training or exposure to developments and trends in their particular field. Non-US applications must be submitted through a participating Fulbright Commission or Public Affairs Section of the U.S. Embassy in the home country.

• Indian applicants should refer to the “How to Apply” section in this announcement.

GENERAL SELECTION CRITERIA

Applications will be reviewed and NCS Fellows selected on the basis of the following criteria:

• Formal qualifications of the applicant, including academic degrees, training, rank and position; national/international reputation in his/her field; quality of professional accomplishments as demonstrated through publications, research grants, other professional achievements
• Merits of the research proposal and its relevance to the New Century Scholars research topic
• Potential of the applicant to contribute to interdisciplinary discussion and collaboration related to the NCS topic
• Significance and relevance of applicant’s current research to the NCS theme
• Potential of the applicant’s proposed research to develop or add new approaches or perspectives to the New Century Scholar topic
• Potential of the proposed research to contribute to a better understanding of the NCS topic at the national and international level
• Justification for the proposed international exchange visit, including its significance for advancing understanding of the subject
• Ability of the applicant to carry out the project;
• Oral Fluency in English.

USIEF will review the applications from Indian nationals and send its nominations to CIES for further consideration. CIES will convene a selection panel that will include the New Century Scholar Leader and a multi-disciplinary group of experts. The panel will seek to nominate a cohort of scholars who as a group are proposing diverse projects centered on the Program theme, who represent a variety of disciplines, and who come from different world regions.

Final selection will be based on the referenced criteria as well as on the need for a diversity of projects, disciplinary fields and geographic areas represented in the program.

APPLICATION MATERIALS AND HANDOUTS

All applicants must complete the APPLICATION FORM along with the following items:

• Proposal Abstract (not to exceed two single-spaced paragraphs)
• Research Proposal, not to exceed four typed single-spaced pages, and a one-page bibliography of relevant sources
• A Curriculum Vitae, not to exceed 8 pages and publication list
• Two Letters of Support
• Letter of Invitation from the prospective host institution.

Applications lacking required materials will not be forwarded for review. Please do not include any additional materials. Detailed application guidelines are available on the CIES website www.cies.org/ncs. Final review and selection of New Century Scholars will be conducted by CIES and successful candidates will be notified of their awards in January 2009. International research visits may begin at any time after the May 2009 orientation and must be concluded by April 2010.

HOW TO APPLY

Indian applicants: Indian citizens, resident in India, can obtain application materials either in person at any of USIEF offices ( addresses mentioned below) or by sending requests to USIEF, 12 Hailey Road, New Delhi 110001 along with a self-addressed stamped (Rs. 20) 10″X 7″ envelope. Indicate NCS in your request. Click here to download application form. To receive the forms as an email attachment in MS word format (send request to: ). We encourage you to visit the CIES website http://www.cies.org/NCS/ for complete details of the program. Please follow the instructions for non U.S. applicants.

Indian applicants must submit their applications, no later than October 15, 2008, to USIEF, 12 Hailey Road, New Delhi 110001 and not directly to CIES. Employed applicants must submit their applications through proper channel by this date. A national level expert committee will review all eligible applications. Short-listed applications will be forwarded to the US for final review. The 2010-2011 Fulbright New Century scholars will be announced sometime in January 2009.

U.S. applicants: U.S. citizens and citizens of other participating countries other than India should refer to the CIES website http://www.cies.org/NCS/ for application materials and details.

USIEF Offices

• USIEF has headquarters in New Delhi, and three regional offices in Chennai, Kolkata and Mumbai.
• USIEF, ” Fulbright House”, 12 Hailey Road, New Delhi 110001 Email: ip@fulbright-india.org website: www.fulbright-india.org Phone: 011-2332-8944-48;Fax: 011-2332-9718 (For Delhi, Haryana, Himachal Pradesh, Jammu & Kashmir, Punjab, Rajasthan, Uttar Pradesh, Uttaranchal, and all Union Territories in the North)
• USIEF Regional Office, American Center, 4 New Marine Lines, Mumbai 400 020 Email: usefibom@bom3.vsnl.net.in Phone: 022-2262-4603; Fax: 022-2262-4595(For Goa, Gujarat, Madhya Pradesh, Chhattisgarh, Maharashtra, and all Union Territories in the West)USIEF Regional Office, The American Center, 38A, Jawaharlal Nehru Road, Kolkata 700071Email: usefical@dataone.in Phone: 033-2288-1200 Fax: 033-2288-1636(For Arunachal Pradesh, Assam, Bihar, Jharkhand, Manipur, Meghalaya, Mizoram, Nagaland, Orissa, Sikkim, Tripura, West Bengal, and all Union Territories in the East)
• USIEF Regional Office, American Consulate Building, Mount Road, Anna Salai, Chennai 6000 06Email: usefichennai@dataone.in Phone: 044-2811-2049; Fax: 044-2811-2020(For Andhra Pradesh, Karnataka, Kerala, Tamil Nadu, and all Union Territories in the South)